Tvasta Manufacturing Solutions, a start-up founded by the Indian institute – IIT Madras alumni, have constructed India’s first 3D-printed house. The structure was printed using a speciality concrete that it had developed to print large-scale 3D structures in short periods.
The mix used is based on ordinary portland cement, with a lower water-cement ratio. Though concrete is the primary raw material used in construction projects, it is not possible to recycle it. A lot of energy is also required to mix and transport concrete cement. Tvasta believes that their effort to use the technology to print the house using ordinary portland cement can overcome the pitfalls of conventional construction through 3-D printing. They also believe that this advancement will open doors for a variety of research and development in the construction world.
The first 3-D printed house: The structure is a single-storey 600 square feet house, which has been constructed using indigenous concrete 3D printing technology, in collaboration with Habitat for Humanity’s Terwilliger Center for Innovation in Shelter. With this technology, a single house can be built within just five days.
The house was inaugurated by the Finance Minister of India – Nirmala Sitharaman. At the launch of house via video-conferencing, she said, “India definitely needs solutions that do not require much time. This latest technology enables building a 3D printed house in 5 days. Conventional housing requires timing, material, logistics, transporting of material, and so on. But if this technology can produce houses in different locales in five days, it would not be a big challenge to build 100 million houses by 2022.”
Tvasta Manufacturing Solutions has developed its own material mix – an extrudable concrete consisting of cement, sand, geopolymers and fibres. The final material was prepared by mixing the raw materials in a large hopper.
“While 3D printing, the structure was specifically designed hollow to allow provisions for wiring and plumbing without damaging the wall. The use of such local materials would also reduce the need to transport concrete long distances, reducing the environmental impact,” revealed the startup.
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